What term describes the wind direction that is perpendicular to the aircraft's path?

The term that describes the wind direction perpendicular to the aircraft's path is known as a crosswind. Crosswinds can significantly affect an aircraft's handling characteristics during takeoff and landing, as they push the aircraft sideways relative to its intended flight path. Understanding the dynamics of crosswinds is crucial for pilots and flight attendants, as it impacts the approach and landing procedures.

For instance, during landings or takeoffs on runways where a crosswind is present, pilots must adjust their controls to maintain a straight trajectory, ensuring the aircraft does not drift off course. The recognition of a crosswind's impact on flight performance is an essential part of flight safety and operational procedures.